Carbon nanotube devices are electronic devices with defined electrical functions, fabricated from carbon nanotube wafers through a series of standard semiconductor manufacturing flows, including lithography, thin-film deposition, and etching. Engineered with characteristics such as high speed, low power consumption, and seamless compatibility with chip Back-End-Of-Line (BEOL) processes, these devices are widely applicable to fields including 3D heterogeneous chips, RF chips, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) communications, and optoelectronic sensing.